Здесь собраны упражнения на косвенную речь с ответами и пояснениями: от простых утверждений до вопросов и просьб. Перед заданиями даём короткое правило-напоминание с таблицами, чтобы сверяться по ходу работы.

Во всех упражнениях вводный глагол стоит в прошедшем времени (said, told, asked), поэтому нужно согласование времён. Так обычно проверяют на школьных контрольных.

Reported speech в английском языке упражнения: сдвиг времён

Если вводный глагол в прошедшем времени, время в косвенной речи обычно сдвигается на шаг назад. “I am tired,” Tom said. — «Я устал», — сказал Том. → Tom said that he was tired. — Том сказал, что устал.

Прямая речьКосвенная речь
Present Simple: I likePast Simple: she liked
Present Continuous: I am readingPast Continuous: he was reading
Present Perfect: I have finishedPast Perfect: he had finished
Past Simple: I sawPast Perfect: she had seen
willwould
cancould
musthad to (или must)

Слово that после said можно опустить: He said he was tired. Если вводный глагол в настоящем (He says…), время не меняется: He says he is tired.

Упражнение 1. Утверждения: сдвиг времён

Переведите прямую речь в косвенную: вставьте глагол в нужной форме. Используйте строгое согласование времён.

  1. “I am tired,” Tom said. → Tom said that he ___ (be) tired.
    Ответwas — Present Simple am → Past Simple was.
  2. “I like pizza,” Anna said. → Anna said that she ___ (like) pizza.
    Ответliked — Present Simple → Past Simple.
  3. “We are watching a film,” the children said. → The children said that they ___ (watch) a film.
    Ответwere watching — Present Continuous → Past Continuous.
  4. “I have finished my homework,” Mike said. → Mike said that he ___ (finish) his homework.
    Ответhad finished — Present Perfect → Past Perfect.
  5. “I saw a fox in the park,” Kate said. → Kate said that she ___ (see) a fox in the park.
    Ответhad seen — Past Simple → Past Perfect. В разговорной речи иногда оставляют saw, но в контрольных ждут had seen.
  6. “I will call you,” Sam said to me. → Sam told me that he ___ (call) me.
    Ответwould call — will → would.
  7. “I can swim,” my brother said. → My brother said that he ___ (can) swim.
    Ответcould — can → could.
  8. “I don’t know the answer,” Lily said. → Lily said that she ___ (not know) the answer.
    Ответdidn't know (также: did not know) — don’t know (Present Simple) → didn’t know (Past Simple).
  9. “It is raining,” Mum said. → Mum said that it ___ (rain).
    Ответwas raining — is raining → was raining.
  10. “We have never been to Paris,” they said. → They said that they ___ (never be) to Paris.
    Ответhad never been — Present Perfect → Past Perfect, never стоит после had.

Прямая и косвенная речь в английском языке упражнения: местоимения и слова времени

Кроме времени, меняются местоимения и указатели места и времени — по смыслу, с точки зрения того, кто пересказывает.

Прямая речьКосвенная речь
nowthen
todaythat day
tomorrowthe next day / the following day
yesterdaythe day before / the previous day
next weekthe following week / the next week
last weekthe week before / the previous week
agobefore
herethere
this / thesethat / those

“My sister is ill,” Tom said. — «Моя сестра болеет», — сказал Том. → Tom said that his sister was ill. — Том сказал, что его сестра болеет.

Упражнение 2. Местоимения и слова времени

Вставьте пропущенное слово или сочетание.

  1. “I am busy today,” Ben said. → Ben said that he was busy ___.
    Ответthat day — today → that day.
  2. “I will see you tomorrow,” Jane said. → Jane said that she would see me ___.
    Ответthe next day (также: the following day) — tomorrow → the next day / the following day.
  3. “I met him yesterday,” Paul said. → Paul said that he had met him ___.
    Ответthe day before (также: the previous day) — yesterday → the day before / the previous day.
  4. “We live here,” they said. → They said that they lived ___.
    Ответthere — here → there.
  5. “I bought this bag,” she said. → She said that she had bought ___ bag.
    Ответthat — this → that.
  6. “I am leaving now,” he said. → He said that he was leaving ___.
    Ответthen — now → then.
  7. “We had a test last week,” the pupils said. → The pupils said that they had had a test ___.
    Ответthe week before (также: the previous week) — last week → the week before / the previous week.
  8. “My sister is ill,” Tom said. → Tom said that ___ sister was ill.
    Ответhis — my → his: говорит Том, значит «его сестра».
  9. “We will travel next month,” my parents said. → My parents said that they would travel ___.
    Ответthe following month (также: the next month) — next month → the following month / the next month.
  10. “I passed the exam two days ago,” Ann said. → Ann said that she had passed the exam two days ___.
    Ответbefore (также: earlier) — ago → before (или earlier).

Вопросы и просьбы в косвенной речи

В косвенном вопросе порядок слов прямой, как в утверждении, и вспомогательного do/does/did нет.

  1. Специальный вопрос: вопросительное слово + подлежащее + сказуемое. “Where do you live?” → He asked me where I lived. — Он спросил, где я живу.
  2. Общий вопрос (да/нет): добавьте if или whether. “Are you hungry?” → Mum asked if I was hungry. — Мама спросила, голоден ли я.
  3. Просьба или приказ: tell/ask + кого-то + to + глагол. “Close the window.” → The teacher told Max to close the window. — Учитель велел Максу закрыть окно.
  4. Запрет: not to + глагол. “Don’t be late.” → Mum told us not to be late. — Мама велела нам не опаздывать.

После said дополнение без предлога не ставится: said to me или told me, но не said me.

Упражнение 3. Вопросы и просьбы

Вставьте пропущенное слово или глагол в нужной форме.

  1. “Where do you live?” he asked me. → He asked me where I ___ (live).
    Ответlived — Прямой порядок слов, do исчезает, Present → Past.
  2. “Are you hungry?” Mum asked. → Mum asked ___ I was hungry.
    Ответif (также: whether) — Общий вопрос вводится словом if или whether.
  3. “What are you doing?” the teacher asked us. → The teacher asked us what we ___ (do).
    Ответwere doing — Present Continuous → Past Continuous, прямой порядок слов.
  4. “Did you see the match?” Nick asked me. → Nick asked me if I ___ (see) the match.
    Ответhad seen — did see (Past Simple) → had seen (Past Perfect).
  5. “When will the bus come?” she asked. → She asked when the bus ___ (come).
    Ответwould come — will → would, подлежащее перед сказуемым.
  6. “Can you help me?” Lucy asked me. → Lucy asked me if I ___ (help) her.
    Ответcould help — can → could.
  7. “Close the window,” the teacher said to Max. → The teacher told Max ___ (close) the window.
    Ответto close — Приказ: told + кого-то + to + глагол.
  8. “Don’t be late,” Mum said to us. → Mum told us ___ (not be) late.
    Ответnot to be — Запрет: not to + глагол.
  9. “Please sit down,” the doctor said to me. → The doctor asked me ___ (sit) down.
    Ответto sit — Вежливая просьба: asked + кого-то + to + глагол.
  10. “How old is your brother?” Kate asked me. → Kate asked me how old my brother ___ (be).
    Ответwas — Прямой порядок: my brother was, is → was.
  11. “Have you been to London?” he asked her. → He asked her if she ___ (be) to London.
    Ответhad been — Present Perfect → Past Perfect.

Косвенная речь в английском языке 8 класс упражнения

В 8 классе обычно проходят все три типа: утверждения, вопросы и просьбы. Задания на косвенную речь по английскому языку в контрольных чаще всего такие: раскрыть скобки, вставить нужное слово (if, told, that day) или переписать предложение целиком.

Порядок действий при переписывании:

  1. Определите тип: утверждение, вопрос или просьба.
  2. Выберите вводный глагол: said / told / asked.
  3. Замените местоимения по смыслу.
  4. Сдвиньте время на шаг назад.
  5. Замените слова времени и места.
  6. В вопросе поставьте прямой порядок слов и уберите знак вопроса.

Косвенная речь в английском языке упражнения с ответами: смешанный блок

Последний блок проверяет всё сразу. Эти задания подойдут для самопроверки перед контрольной: переписывайте предложение целиком, потом сверяйтесь с ответом. Слово that после said можно ставить или нет — оба варианта верны.

Одно исключение: общеизвестные факты часто оставляют в настоящем времени. “Water boils at 100 degrees,” the teacher said. → The teacher said that water boils at 100 degrees. Сдвиг (boiled) тоже не будет ошибкой.

Упражнение 4. Смешанный блок

Перепишите предложение в косвенной речи целиком. Слово that после said можно не ставить.

  1. “I am happy,” Ella said.
    ОтветElla said that she was happy. (также: Ella said she was happy.) — am → was, I → she.
  2. “I work in a bank,” my uncle said.
    ОтветMy uncle said that he worked in a bank. (также: My uncle said he worked in a bank.) — Present Simple → Past Simple.
  3. “Do you like music?” Tom asked me.
    ОтветTom asked me if I liked music. (также: Tom asked me whether I liked music.) — Общий вопрос: if/whether, do исчезает.
  4. “Where is the station?” the tourist asked.
    ОтветThe tourist asked where the station was. — Прямой порядок слов: the station was.
  5. “Don’t touch the cake,” Mum said to the kids.
    ОтветMum told the kids not to touch the cake. — Запрет: told + not to.
  6. “We visited Grandma last Sunday,” they said.
    ОтветThey said that they had visited Grandma the Sunday before. (также: They said they had visited Grandma the Sunday before., They said that they had visited Grandma the previous Sunday., They said they had visited Grandma the previous Sunday.) — Past Simple → Past Perfect, last Sunday → the Sunday before / the previous Sunday.
  7. “I will be at home tomorrow,” Ann said.
    ОтветAnn said that she would be at home the next day. (также: Ann said she would be at home the next day., Ann said that she would be at home the following day., Ann said she would be at home the following day.) — will → would, tomorrow → the next day.
  8. “Why are you crying?” Dad asked my sister.
    ОтветDad asked my sister why she was crying. — Прямой порядок слов, are crying → was crying.
  9. “Can I use your phone?” Max asked me.
    ОтветMax asked me if he could use my phone. (также: Max asked me whether he could use my phone.) — can → could, I → he, your → my.
  10. “The Earth goes round the Sun,” the teacher said.
    ОтветThe teacher said that the Earth goes round the Sun. (также: The teacher said the Earth goes round the Sun., The teacher said that the Earth went round the Sun., The teacher said the Earth went round the Sun.) — Общеизвестный факт обычно оставляют в настоящем времени, но сдвиг тоже допустим.

Дальше: grammatika.